This is what the calculation gives for the numbers you entered. It is an estimate, not advice, and it knows nothing about your situation beyond those numbers. Rules for United States change on a published schedule; the effective date is shown on every rule-based tool.
How this is calculated
The taxable estate is the gross estate less debts, administration expenses, charitable bequests and anything passing to a spouse, which is unlimited. The available exemption is the statutory amount less lifetime gift exemption already consumed, since the gift and estate exemptions are a single combined figure. Portability lets a surviving spouse add the deceased spouse's unused exemption, effectively doubling it, but it must be elected on a timely estate tax return even when no tax is due.
Worked examples
Each of these is asserted on every build. If a change to the engine ever moved one of these answers, the build would fail before the page could print it.
an estate above the exemption
- Gross estate
- $18,000,000.00
- Debts and administration expenses
- $800,000.00
- Charitable bequests
- $500,000.00
- Passing to a spouse
- $0.00
- Estate tax exemption
- $13,990,000.00
- Lifetime gift exemption used
- $0.00
- Deceased spouse exemption ported
- No
- Estate tax rate
- 40%
Estate tax$1,084,000.00
40% of 2.71 million
Open this exampleportability doubles the exemption away
- Gross estate
- $18,000,000.00
- Debts and administration expenses
- $800,000.00
- Charitable bequests
- $500,000.00
- Passing to a spouse
- $0.00
- Estate tax exemption
- $13,990,000.00
- Lifetime gift exemption used
- $0.00
- Deceased spouse exemption ported
- Yes
- Estate tax rate
- 40%
Estate tax$0.00
boundary
Open this examplean empty estate declines nothing but owes nothing
- Gross estate
- $0.00
- Debts and administration expenses
- $0.00
- Charitable bequests
- $0.00
- Passing to a spouse
- $0.00
- Estate tax exemption
- $13,990,000.00
- Lifetime gift exemption used
- $0.00
- Deceased spouse exemption ported
- No
- Estate tax rate
- 40%
Estate tax$0.00
degenerate case
Open this exampleMethod and limits
What it assumes
- A federal calculation. Several states levy their own estate or inheritance tax with lower thresholds.
What it deliberately does not model
- State estate taxes often start far below the federal exemption and are not included.
- The exemption is scheduled to change, which affects planning materially.
- Valuation of illiquid assets is the hard part of any real estate calculation.
Formula version 1.0.0 · definition 1.0.0 · United States · Report a problem with this calculator
Frequently asked questions
- Does everything passing to my spouse escape tax?
- The marital deduction is unlimited for a citizen spouse, so yes at the first death. It defers rather than eliminates: the assets are in the survivor's estate later.
- Do I need to file if no tax is due?
- To claim portability of an unused spousal exemption, yes. Missing that filing can cost the heirs the entire second exemption.