This is what the calculation gives for the numbers you entered. It is an estimate, not advice, and it knows nothing about your situation beyond those numbers. Rules for United States change on a published schedule; the effective date is shown on every rule-based tool.
How this is calculated
The amount is split evenly across maturities from shortest to longest, with rates interpolated between the two ends. The blended rate sits below the longest rate, and that difference is the price of the liquidity. As each rung matures it can be reinvested at the long end, so a mature ladder eventually pays close to the long rate while still returning cash regularly. The trade is explicit: a ladder buys access, not extra return.
Worked examples
Each of these is asserted on every build. If a change to the engine ever moved one of these answers, the build would fail before the page could print it.
a five rung ladder
- Total to invest
- $50,000.00
- Number of rungs
- 5
- Rate on the shortest rung
- 4.1%
- Rate on the longest rung
- 4.6%
- Longest maturity
- 5
Blended rate4.35%
The five rungs interpolate to 4.1, 4.225, 4.35, 4.475 and 4.6, whose mean is 4.35. The sacrifice is 4.6 less that.
Open this examplea flat curve gives up nothing
- Total to invest
- $50,000.00
- Number of rungs
- 5
- Rate on the shortest rung
- 4.4%
- Rate on the longest rung
- 4.4%
- Longest maturity
- 5
Blended rate4.4%
boundary: with no term premium there is nothing to give up, so the ladder is free
Open this exampleMethod and limits
What it assumes
- Rates interpolate linearly across the maturities, which real curves do not.
What it deliberately does not model
- An inverted yield curve reverses the trade entirely.
- Reinvestment rates at each maturity are unknown when the ladder is built.
Formula version 1.0.0 · definition 1.0.0 · United States · Report a problem with this calculator
Frequently asked questions
- Does a ladder earn more?
- No, less, when the curve slopes up. It buys regular access to part of the money, which is worth paying for if you might need it and not otherwise.