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Finance & LoansdepositsUnited States only

CD Ladder Calculator

A deposit ladder against a single long deposit. The ladder gives up part of the term premium and buys regular access, which is a liquidity purchase rather than a return strategy.

Also called: fd ladder calculator, deposit laddering.

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Blended rate
4.35%

4.35% blended across 5 rungs of $10,000.00 each, against 4.6% for putting everything in the longest deposit. You give up 0.25% points for access to $10,000.00 every 12 months.

Amount per rung
$10,000.00
Rate given up
0.25%
Annual interest
$2,175.00
Income against a single long deposit
-$125.00
Access interval
12 months
First maturity
$10,410.00
Method and background

This is what the calculation gives for the numbers you entered. It is an estimate, not advice, and it knows nothing about your situation beyond those numbers. Rules for United States change on a published schedule; the effective date is shown on every rule-based tool.

How this is calculated

The amount is split evenly across maturities from shortest to longest, with rates interpolated between the two ends. The blended rate sits below the longest rate, and that difference is the price of the liquidity. As each rung matures it can be reinvested at the long end, so a mature ladder eventually pays close to the long rate while still returning cash regularly. The trade is explicit: a ladder buys access, not extra return.

the blended rate averages the rungs, which sits below the longest rate and above the shortest
n
Rungs

Worked examples

Each of these is asserted on every build. If a change to the engine ever moved one of these answers, the build would fail before the page could print it.

a five rung ladder

Total to invest
$50,000.00
Number of rungs
5
Rate on the shortest rung
4.1%
Rate on the longest rung
4.6%
Longest maturity
5

Blended rate4.35%

The five rungs interpolate to 4.1, 4.225, 4.35, 4.475 and 4.6, whose mean is 4.35. The sacrifice is 4.6 less that.

Open this example

a flat curve gives up nothing

Total to invest
$50,000.00
Number of rungs
5
Rate on the shortest rung
4.4%
Rate on the longest rung
4.4%
Longest maturity
5

Blended rate4.4%

boundary: with no term premium there is nothing to give up, so the ladder is free

Open this example

Method and limits

What it assumes

  • Rates interpolate linearly across the maturities, which real curves do not.

What it deliberately does not model

  • An inverted yield curve reverses the trade entirely.
  • Reinvestment rates at each maturity are unknown when the ladder is built.

Formula version 1.0.0 · definition 1.0.0 · United States · Report a problem with this calculator

Frequently asked questions

Does a ladder earn more?
No, less, when the curve slopes up. It buys regular access to part of the money, which is worth paying for if you might need it and not otherwise.